Probably not.

Component video input can be used for a progressive-scan DVD player running at 480 lines progressive-scan. (known as "480p")

Most US high-def television is 1080 lines interlaced (1080i). Although it can also be other refresh rates such as 540p and 720p

By some definitions, 480p is one of the "modes" of high-def, so you might see some old TVs that try to bandy about the phrase "high def" when talking about a 480p-capable set. But such a set won't play a 1080i picture unless it was specifically designed for it.