Is there a non proprietary format the raw images can be transfered to that won't loose any of the information?

None that would lose none of the information. The raw data has all the the data from the sensor before it has been interpolated into pixels.

All the normal image formats out there are designed to store pixels with a single colour each. The data in the raw is very different, with each entry in it presenting the brightness of one of the light wells behind one of the red, green or blue filters.

Different software can turn this raw data into normal pixels in different ways. In theory some one in the future could come up with new software to produce better results from the raw data.